Martin lived in the village of Schwente, Krojanke (pp. 294-297) (1 mile southeast of Flatow). Goerke's "Der Kreis Flatow" mentions three times Martin Remus; it also mentions Christian, Franz, and Gottlieb Remus.

Martin Remus and his wife Catharine geb Ritz acquired the "Schulzengut" on 2 August 1751. "Shulzengut" could refer to the property provided the village head or to the job itself or both; in this case it refers to both. Martin Remus was followed by (son?) Christoph Remus (died 1777) then by Franz Remus, who sold the land in 1796. A Remus that was the 1772 head of Schwente (a Schulz) is mentioned in the 1772 census (probably Christoph above) was listed as living with his wife, two sons, two daughters, two hired male workers and one hired female worker.

The "Dorfkrug" in the village of Schmirdau was acquired by Martin Remus in 1732 and later passed to son Johan Kaspar on 18 November 1749. Kaspar Remus is also mentioned in the 1772 census as living with his wife, three boys over 12 years old, three boys under 12 years old, two hired male workers, and three hired female workers.

Martin also had lived in the village of Schmirdau, Krojanke (pp. 292-294) (2 miles east of Flatow) after the purchase in 1732.

Shulzengut Gottlieb Remus "Freikrüger aus Schmirdau" bought the land back again briefly some time after 1804 and sold it again in 1806. Krüger means tavern keeper. There were local regulations relating to who brewed alcohol and sold it, and even forcing the inhabitants in some villages to buy their beer from the village "Krug." Some of the proceeds went to the feudal lord of the village Gottlieb is the son of Johan Kaspar mentioned.

Village of Ossowo, Krojanke (pp. 284-285) (half way between Flatow and Zempelburg) The Schulz of this village was a Remus as far back as 1706. In 1754 Christian Remus bought the Schulzengut for 2600 Tympf (no idea how much this was worth). The estate included the small lake known as Czarnice (czarny = black) -"probably the Teufelsee" = devil's lake. Mentioned also is Frieschultz (village head) Carl Remus in the 1820's. Ossowo was also known as Aspenau and was near the Pollitz where the Polish count that owned the land lived.

The tax records for this village in 1772 point out that Christian has an inheritable lease on the property in Ossowo. Thus it will pass to Johan and then Karl. See lds 491164 for Ossowo village in the Krojanke tax records. The frieschultz as of that date lived with a wife and two sons under 12 years old.

Here is a translation of a portion of Der Kreis Flatow about Martin:

In 1618, the village of Schwente in West Prussia had 20 ½ cultivated farms (Hufe ). From these farms were paid a tax of 26 Floren and 15 Groschen . Additionally 1 Floren 15 Groschen were paid by 3 non-cultivated farms, 8 Groschen by 2 farmers and 4 Groschen by a business enterprise .

Until the year 1725, the village of Schwente had only Polish inhabitants and until 1751 only a Polish mayor [Schulz]. However, the village suffered terribly in the third Swedish War from 1700 to 1721; this war was also called the big Nordic War in German or the Great Northern War in English. The village also suffered from the plague epidemic of 1709 to 1711. Since few of the original Polish settlers remained, the landowners of Flatow brought in German settlers.

To accommondate the German setllers, Schwente was divided into two villages: a German one and the Polish one. There was already a Polish mayor so an additional mayor was appointed [Freischulze] for the German settlers. Thus Schwente was an exceptional case in that German and Polish inhabitants each had their own mayor.

Schwente N° 2 - the German Village

The first German mayor [Freischulze] was David Wenske (Wenski). He got a paper that documented the lasting rights and duties as Freischulze (Privilegium ) from the brothers Joseph and Augustin Dzialynski, on 4 January 1732.

After the death of David Wenski this German mayoral estate was inherited by his oldest son Daniel; Daniel handed it over to his brother Christoph in 1769. Christoph died on 10 August 1793 at the age of 81 years. When Christoph was still alive the estate was managed by his son Johann; after his death in 1793 it was managed by his son Martin.

Martin Wenski lost his life on 14 December 1829 through an unhappy incident. He was about to shoot a partridge and due to carelessly handling the rifle he shot himself. As a result of the agreement on inheritance (Erbrezess ), from 11 August 1831 Samuel Wenski got the estate. Later it passed to his son-in-law Eduard Welke (born 1826, died 1904).

Schwente N° 1 - the Polish Village

The estate of the Polish mayor [Freischulze] was established in 1707 by Valentin Marczynski. The Polish mayoral estate got a paper that documented its lasting rights and duties (Privilegium) on 2 August 1751 by Augustin Dzialynski. . That year it passed into German hands for 2050 Tympf . The mayor [Freischulze] became Martin Remus; his spouse was Catharine née Ritz [Nitz?].

Essentially, the Privilegium for Schwente N° 1 was similar to the one of the German mayor of Schwente N° 2. The mayor [Freischulze] for Schwente N° 1 had the duty to place Germans on the non-cultivated farms (Hufe) and he was not obligated to any service towards the estate owners and didn't have to place his horse-drawn vehicle to their disposal.

As noted above, Martin Remus purchase the Privilig of running the village in 1751. He was followed by Christoph Remus who died in 1777, then Franz Remus who sold the estate to the inspector of the Flatow estates, Johann Eduard Münzer, on 24 March 1796 for 3333 Taler . Münzer sold it on 21 April 1804 to the Ritterschaftsrat von Gerhard of Flatow for the same price. From Herr von Gerhard the Polish mayoral estate was purchased by Gottlieb Remus, innkeeper from Schmirdau. On 13 October 1806 Polish mayoral estate passed into possession of the tenant Johann Kleinschmidt from Redel near Pretzin for 7500 Taler.

In the 1772 West Prussia tax records, Schultz Remus complains that the soil in Schwente is so poor and sandy that there have been no crops for 6 years. Also he complains that the village head is not inheritable by his sons which probably led to the sale of the village to Munzer in 1796.

Residence: 1732, Schmirdau, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia²

There were many Nitz in the Preuss Friedland area including judge David Nitz.

The census of 1772 lists Johan Kaspar as having 6 sons.

Note also that Johan Kaspar Remus had his first children in Preuss Friedland and then moved to Schmirdau. This suggests links to the Johan Remus family in the area.

Der Kreis Flatow page 293 says that Johan Kaspar was the son of Martin Remus. He acquired the krugprivileg on 2 August 1751.

Occupation: 1750, laborer¹¹

Residence: 1772, Schmirdau, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia¹²

Baptism: November 26, 1723¹³

Lorenz Remus was the freischultz of Kustrinschin or another small village close to Rudra (Ruden) in Kreis Wirsitz as shown in several baptismal records first in 1775 and later in 1778 and 1781. His sister Helena Remus who married Daniel Gums (Dams) also lived in the village from about 1785 to at least 1796). His older brother Schultz Christoph Remus also appears in this village on a baptismal record in Kreis Wirsitz for Gottlieb Droyze son of the schultz of Schmirdau in 1778. DGB Band 62 tells that from 1798 to 1814 he was Erbpachter (inheritable estate) in Szeglin (Kreis Wirsitz). He was an Adelburger in Gembitz by Strelno in 1824.

Baptism: Gp Ertmann Troi, Kazimir Koszol, Dorothea Koszol, all of Sniardowo³¹

Occupation: Bet. 1775 - 1780, Schultz of Rudhen, Kreis Wirsitz^32,33

Also living in Bondecz are her likely relatives Gottfried Troi, pachter of Bonsk, Kreis Wirsitz, and his wife Johanna (Anna) Christina shown in 1775 and 1777 birth records. Also Gottlieb Troi and also Anna Christina Troi listed as a jungfrau in a 1777 birth record.

Gottfried Dreyse (Troi) is listed as the son of the schultz Gottlieb Troi of Schmirdau (Andreas Troi was schultz ca 1751 so Gottlieb Troi is likely his eldest son] in a Lobsens records of 18 Mar 1778 where a son Gottlieb is born to him and his wife Johanna (Anna) Christine. So he is likely to be Anna Louise (Ludwicka)'s sister. Members of the Remus family of Schwente are also in this area at this time including her husband Lorenz Remus and Helena gb Remus. One year earlier on March 7 1777 in Bonsk Lobsens, Eva Rosina Troi was born to Gottfried Troi and Anna. The witness was Gottlieb Troi, Jungfrau Anna Christina Troi, and Anna Louise Troi wife of Lorenz Remus of Rudna.

There is not a certain 1772 census for the Troi family of Schmirdau but it could well be Gottlieb was the schultz in 1772 as follows

Draus, Gottlieb Smierdau Crojanke 18113050 6039

Her 1798 death record states that she was 40 years old.

Residence: Bondecz, Kreis Wirsitz³⁴

I am reasonalby certain that this Helene Remus married Daniel Gums (Dams) . She is the right age and also her village Schwente is where the Gums family lived in 1772. It is near to Ruden (Rudna), West Prussia where Daniel and Helene lived from about 1785 to at least 1796). So they met in Schwente and moved to Rudna. Assuming this is the right couple, I have shown the information provided throught the LDS IGI file which was based on an LDS member's contribution to the data base.

Also of note, her brother Lorenz Remus was the freischultz of Kustrinschin or another small village close to Rudra (Ruden) in Kreis Wirsitz as shown in several baptismal records first in 1775 and later in 1778 and 1781. Her older brother Schultz Christoph Remus also appears in this village on a baptismal record in Kreis Wirsitz for Gottlieb Droyze son of the schultz of Schmirdau in 1778.

Baptism: Gp Tobias Wecka of Schwente, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia and Marianna Clara Necowa of Wasosz

Was a burgermeister.

This record lists Franz Remus as Schultera of Schwente. This is consistent with DKF on the succession of the schultzprivileg in Schwente. The witness was Scultera of Schmirdau Drzytowo (Drehse or Dreyse), likely father of Franz's bride Anna Drzytowa - a good marriage for both partners.

In Sypniewo Birth record of the twins for Nobil Paruszewski in Sypniewo on 4 January 1779, Franz is listed as (his) secretarias. Thus Franz could read, write and managment affairs. Perhaps this is evidence that this Franz became the postmaster and schultz of Vandsburg.

Schwente N° 1 - the Polish Village

The estate of the Polish mayor [Freischulze] was established in 1707 by Valentin Marczynski. The Polish mayoral estate got a paper that documented its lasting rights and duties (Privilegium) on 2 August 1751 by Augustin Dzialynski. . That year it passed into German hands for 2050 Tympf . The mayor [Freischulze] became Martin Remus; his spouse was Catharine née Ritz [Nitz?]. Freischulze Martin Remus was followed by Christoph Remus who died in 1777, then Franz Remus who sold the estate to the inspector of the Flatow estates, Johann Eduard Münzer, on 24 March 1796 for 3333 Taler . Münzer sold it on 21 April 1804 to the Ritterschaftsrat von Gerhard of Flatow for the same price. From Herr von Gerhard the Polish mayoral estate was purchased by Gottlieb Remus, innkeeper from Schmirdau. On 13 October 1806 Polish mayoral estate passed into possession of the tenant Johann Kleinschmidt from Redel near Pretzin for 7500 Taler. Other owners were: Carl Ludwig Kleinschmidt, then Daniel Siegfried Kleinschmidt from 1 June 1822; Johann Medewitz from 14 October 1834; and from 1836 Daniel Siegfried Kleinschmidt again.

I have assigned Franz as a son of Martin based on the above and as Franz of Vandsburg based on the following paper and DNA analysis:

Often times it is difficult if not impossible to have paper documentation linking people of the same surname. Consider the case of Franz Remus who was postmaster and sometime Schultz (village head) of Vandsburg, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia; he was born in 1755 according to an article of compiled genealogy published in Deutsche Geschlechterbuch . He married the daughter of the Schultz (village head) of Runowo, about 10 miles southwest of Vandsburg. The article provides that family tree for many generations of Remus family members but there are other Remus families not documented in the article (including mine). So it would be very interesting to find Franz's ancestors including an ancestor that we might have in common.

The first step in this process is gathering all the ordinary genealogical data to try to link Franz the Postmaster's family to the other Remus families of West Prussia. Since Franz was born in 1755, his father would be in the West Prussia 1772 Land Census. Thus, my first step is to consult the online West Prussia 1772 Land Census at http://www.odessa3.org/collections/land/wprussia/ to find candidates who might be the father of Franz. The possible candidates for Franz's father were within 50 miles of Vandsburg and were selected by consulting the Church books for each village and seeing if they had a son named Franz who was born around 1755. Here are the candidates:

" Peter Remus the Shepherd in Waldowo

" Franz Remus the relatively wealthy farmer and sometime Schultz (village head) in Stretzin

" Schultz Martin Remus the village head of Schwente

All three of the above did and other nearby candidates from the census either did not.

Now consider what we know without DNA analysis.

Candidate 1: Peter the shepherd lived nearby (about 20 km north) but shepherds were usually poor and their children had little chance for an education. His son Franz did marry a villager and had two children. Then he and his family disappear from the records. But the disappearance is before the marriage of Franz the Postmaster so maybe Franz the son of Peter might be Franz the postmaster and take a new wife and have a new family. So in theory it is possible but would the daughter of a village head marry a shepherd (recall Franz the postmaster was well married)? Would a likely illiterate shepherd be a postmaster and Schultz?

Candidate 2: There was also a Franz Remus who was a relatively wealthy farmer and sometime Schultz (village head) in Stretzin (about 70 km northwest). He had a son Franz who was about the right age. There are no records of his son Franz marrying or having children. So this Franz might have moved to Vandsburg, married the daughter of the Schultz of Runowo and become postmaster of Vandsburg. Certainly the marriage would have been appropriate and his father Franz could provide money to assist the Prussians in selecting his son Franz as postmaster. And son Franz might have some opportunity for some education. However, when we look at the birth records for children of Franz the postmaster, we find no god parents from the family of Franz the farmer. Franz the farmer's other children were still living and well married and one would expect them to appear as godparents at least occasionally. Also we do not find Franz the postmaster as witness to any of the children of those who would have been his nieces and nephews if he were the son of Franz the farmer.

Candidate 3: There was also a Franz Remus who was the son of a relatively wealthy farmer and Schultz (village head) Martin Remus of Schwente (about 30 km west). Martin had a son Franz who was about the right age. Martin's son Franz married the daughter of the Schultz (village head) of Schmirdau and had one child. He worked for the local Polish nobility as a scribe and also inherited and then sold the right to be Schultz of Schwente after his father and older brother's death. So this Franz might have moved to Vandsburg, married the daughter of the Schultz of Runowo and become postmaster of Vandsburg assuming his first wife died. Certainly the marriage would have been appropriate and this Franz had the money to motivate the Prussians to select him as postmaster. And this Franz was fully literate. When we look at the birth records for children of Franz the postmaster, we find no god parents from the family of Martin. Also we do not find Franz the postmaster as witness to any of the children of those who would have been his nieces and nephews if he were the son of Martin of Schwente. However, it is fair to say that most of his siblings died young.

My reading of the evidence above ranks the candidates for father of Franz the postmaster in this order of likeliness:

" Most likely: Schultz Martin Remus the village head of Schwente

" A possibility: Franz Remus the relatively wealthy farmer and sometime Schultz (village head) in Stretzin

" Unlikely: Peter Remus the Shepherd in Waldowo

Now let's see what the YDNA analysis tells us about this question. First we need to get YDNA sample from living male descendents of each line. Fortunately, I correspond with artist Marc Remus of Koln and he was willing to provide a YDNA sample from the line of Franz of Vandsburg. And I am from the line of Peter the Shepherd. Also mathematician Horst Remus is from the line of Martin Remus of Schwente (his ancestor would have been another son of Martin). I cannot find a living male descendent of Franz of Stretzin.

The samples revealed that Marc Remus of Koln, the descendent of Franz the postmaster, and Horst Remus, the descendent of Martin of Schwente, had the same number of each of the 25 YDNA markers. I, a descendent of Peter the Shepherd, differ greatly from them.

Interpreting the results. It is almost certain (more on this in a moment) that Franz the postmaster shares a common ancestor with Franz the son of Martin of Schwente. The genealogical evidence allows us to conclude that Franz the postmaster and Franz the son of Martin maybe one in the same person. To determine how likely this is, we need to consult the following chart from Family Tree DNA:

The probability is estimated by choosing the curve for the number of markers used in the YDNA test (25 in our case so use the blue line) and then selecting the number generations ago the event occurred (9 in our case). Then the probability is then read off the vertical axis (in our case about 95%). That is, we are 95% certain that they have a common ancestor who is from our paper genealogy Martin Remus of Schwente.

Could a grandson rather than a son of Martin be Franz the postmaster instead? Yes, that is theoretically possible since the grandson would have the same YDNA. But we find no such grandsons in the genealogical records that are born at about the right time and have the name Franz.

Could another nephew or grand-nephew of Martin be Franz the postmaster instead? Yes, that is theoretically possible since the nephew or grand-nephew would have the same YDNA. But we find no such nephew or grand-nephew in the genealogical records who were born at about the right time and have the name Franz UNLESS Franz of Stretzin is the brother of Martin and Franz of Stretzin's son Franz is Franz the postmaster. Then the common ancestor (the father of Martin of Schwente and Franz of Stretzin) is back 11 generations.

Can we rule out the possibility that Franz of Stretzin is the brother of Martin and Franz's son Franz is Franz the postmaster? No, we can't rule it out using DNA. It is true that the genealogical paper records are not supportive. We can't prove Martin and Franz of Stretzin are brothers and additionally we cannot provide that Franz's son Franz is Franz the postmaster. To do that we would need a YDNA sample from a male descendent of the Franz of Stretzin line (I have yet to identify such a person).

It is clear that the descendents of my line from Peter the Shepherd do not share the DNA of Martin and Franz. This could mean that Peter's ancestors adopted the Remus name independently and so do not have a common ancestor with Martin and Franz. It could also mean that someone in the line between me and Peter was adopted or illegitimate. But the line between me and Peter look pretty clean so this is not likely. But, never-the-less, could Franz the postmaster be the son of Peter the Shepherd? Yes, it is possible that Franz the Postmaster is a biological descendents of Peter (excluding my possible adopted or illegitimate line) might have common YDNA and thus be related. This would mean Peter the Shepherd, Martin of Schwente, and Franz the Postmaster would all be related. Again we have to look to paper genealogical evidence which finds little support for this.

Occupation: Posthalter (Mail holder), Handelsmann (tradesman), Materialist⁵⁶

Residence: March 24, 1796, Sale of Schwente Privelig⁵⁷

This is probably the Anna Marie Dreyse (Troi) who appeared as a witness for the birth of Johan Daniel Remus in 1778. Since she is listed as unmarried on that record, it is likely she married Franz about 1778. She is likely the Schultz of Schmirdau's daughter.

Gottfried Dreyse (Troi) is listed as the son of the schultz Gottlieb Troi of Schmirdau (Andreas Troi was schultz ca 1751so Schultz Gottlieb is likely his son] in a Lobsens records of 18 Mar 1778 where a son Gottlieb is born to him and his wife Johanna (Anna) Christine. So Anna Marie is likely to be Gottfried's sister. Members of the Remus family of Schwente are also in this area at this time including Lorenz Remus and Helena gb Remus. One year earlier on March 7 1777 in Bonsk Lobsens, Eva Rosina Troi was born to Gottfried Troi and Anna. The witness was Gottlieb Troi, Jungfrau Anna Christina Troi, and Anna Louise Troi wife of Lorenz Remus of Rudna.

There is not a certain 1772 census for the Troi family of Schmirdau but it could well be Gottlieb was the schultz in 1772 as follows

Draus, Gottlieb Smierdau Crojanke 18113050 6039

Name Change: Marie Boethke

The village of Waldau (pp. 821-823) (3 miles east of Zempelburg; one mile from Gross Klonia) has Christian, Peter and Daniel listed in the 1772 census; they are not mentioned in Goerke's "Der Kreis Flatow."

Peter Remus of Waldau lived with his wife, three sons, one daughter, two hired male farm workers, and three hired female workers in Waldau. He was a renter or tenant of a farm separate from the farms associated with the village (perhaps in addition to having a farm associated with the village).

Baptism: October 23, 1746, Preuss Friedland Parish, West Prussia⁶⁶

Residence: Abt. 1770, tenant farmer in Waldowo, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia^67,68

Either there are two Peter's each having wives of the same first name, same age, living in the same area, and having children at around the same time. Also if two families, they both stopped having kids at about the same time. Or Peter had only one wife who was listed under two names - Barbara Pufal and Barbara Juliana Zyck. Perhaps she was a widow listed on both names. This would correspond to only one death record for Peter (not two Peters) and one one Peter in the area in the 1772 census.

Therefore, I assume one woman with two names as the most likely situation.

Occupation: 1772, was a godparent in Waldowo, Kreis Flatow

Baptism: August 07, 1774, Flatow, West Prussia⁷⁵

Daniel's father Gottfried and mother Marianna are said to have lived in Bialobloty in Daniel's wedding record. And in fact Gottfried and Marianna Lerch are the center ancestors for most of the Remus people in Bialobloty.

Baptism: December 18, 1780⁸⁷

Occupation: 1850, retired teachers⁸⁸

Occupation: retired teacher⁸⁸

From Horst Remus <hremus@prodigy.net>

Sent Tuesday, December 16, 2003 1:29 am

My grandfather Paul was a grandson of Ludwig and Marie, geb Cardihal von Widdern. Marie had grown up in Brandenburg and Berlin, Ludwig came according to family legends from the Bromberg area. Marie's Poesie-Album shows a number of names but no Remus. My knowledge comes mainly from documents I inherited from a sister of my grandfather, childless Margarethe, who had married Herm Budzinski, the administrator of Witzleben's estates in Wirsig. After the July 20, 1944 happenings her Witzleben-pension was not paid anymore and she died 1945 in a seniority house in Schneidemühl. I do not know any ancestry of Ludwig Remus.

His wife Marie Mathilde von Widdern came from Potsdam and my Großtante wrote 1944, that there were still relatives of her in Potsdam. The Poesie-Album contains a lot of contributions from members of well-known Prussian Offiziers-Familien wie Tippelskirch oder Zitzwitz (mentioning their military rank), However, none from a Remus. It is possible that Ludwig met her while on military duty Hohensalsa is close to the border with Kongreß-Polen (other side of the Weichsel) and a possible working location for tax/custom officers.. I read that Prussia followed the practice of taking retired soldiers into government positions; A possible relationship going back to the middle of the 18th century is exciting.

Note from Bill: The Ludwig Wilhelm I have selected here lived in the same parish with the Cardinal von Widdern family. And the dates match fairly well.

Occupation: Rechnungsrath (Tax Collector)¹⁰⁰

Residence: Berlin and Brandenburg area¹⁰⁰

Occupation: 1814, Scultair (Village Head?)

Widow of a Muller.

She is likely the widow of Christian Muller.

Baptism: Johan Schuleke and Appolionia Sykoritika

Christening: February 07, 1790

Badermeister for Vandsburg

Occupation: Backermeister in Vandsburg, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia¹⁴⁶

Baptism: gp Martin Betke

Occupation: 1821, Schultz inZakrzewke (Seemark), Kreis Flatow, West Prussia

Residence: 1815, Klotzbuden, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia

Gottfried and Georg seem to be used for the same person in Bromberg. One his first wife's marriage record, he is noted already as a widower. So there is yet another wife.

Baptism: gp Michael Teske

Residence: 1823, Driedorf, Kreis Wirsitz

Baptism: February 09, 1804, Vandsburg, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia

Occupation: Schafer (shepherd)¹⁹⁷

Residence: 1794, Nichors, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia

Residence: 1790, Waldowo, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia²¹⁵

Residence: 1790, Tenant farmer in Zappendrowo, Kreis Konitz, West Prussia

Baptism: March 17, 1771, Paul Blek and Dorothea Lutkowa of Nichors

Occupation: 1809, Hirt (herder) in Zempelburg

Residence: 1809, Zbosse, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia²¹⁹

The marriage record of Daniel Remuss (hereafter Daniel the younger) record states the name of the grandfather of August Wilhelm Remuss; it is Daniel Remuss (hereafter Daniel the elder), the same name as August's father. Given that Daniel the younger was born on 19 June 1812, Daniel the elder would have to have been born no later than 1792. Also given that Daniel the younger was the second son, Daniel the elder could have married no later than 1810. There is no appropriate candidate in the Tuchel, Konitz, or Mariendwerder parish records. Therefore it is likely that August's Grandfather Daniel the elder lived other than in Tuchel and August's father Daniel born other than in Tuchel. Candidate locations include Vandsburg, Zbosse, and Cammin, Zempelburg (from the 1772 West Prussia Census).

Now turning to the location suggested by the 1772 West Prussia census, I found an appropriate candidate in Zempelburg. The marriage record of Daniel Remus of Zempelburg, shepherd (schafer in German), age 35, shows him getting married on 16 October 1808 to Marie Louise Goltz of Zipno (Sittnow), age 26 (1808 Zempelburg Marriage Records on FHL microfilm 245459). This Daniel would have had time (4 years) to produce both a first son Johan plus Daniel the younger (the second son), August's father. Daniel the elder would have been born around 1773 and Marie in 1782.

This Daniel's children Johan (1809), Daniel (1811) and Peter (1819) are born in Zbosse. Daniel the elder then disappears from the records until the 1830's when some of Daniel the elder's children are confirmed in Kreis Tuchel. Daniel the elder's children include Johan born April 30, 1809, Christoph Friedrich born 24 April 1820, Caroline born 1 May 1823, Peter born 17 February 1824, Anna born September 02, 1825, and Louise born July 05, 1828.

After the death of his first wife, he married Christine gb Hennig and had two more children. In his death record, he is listed as having surviving children Christian and Caroline only.

Occupation: Bet. 1808 - 1839, Schafer - shepherd

Residence: 1808, Zempelburg, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia

Residence: 1808, Zipno (Sittnow), Kreis Flatow, West Prussia

Listed as a widower in the 1855 marriage record.

Occupation: 1855, farmer, Pawtowa, Belchatow, Lodz, Poland²³⁸

Listed as a widow in the 1855 marriage record. of George Schleffler?

[bialoblotyonly.FTW]

Widow of Michal Buttner.

Occupation: Teacher²⁶⁸

[bialoblotyonly.FTW]

Anna was the widow of Gottlieb Arndt who died 2 april 1856.

Baptism: February 14, 1835²⁷⁷

Occupation: Her father owned a brewery in Friedeberg in the Neumark²⁷⁸

Michael Ewald Remus was first a farmer, then post office civil servants to Graudenz, Bischofswerder, Lessen with Graudenz and Sierakowitz. He emigrated, after the death of his wife (1876) to Texas / U.S.A and returned to Vandsburg in 1902- from Marc Remus

Baptism: Franz Hamler plus

Immigration: 1876, See note

Occupation: Rentner

Residence: 1866, Gross Lutau, Kreis Flatow²⁹⁴

Residence: 1858, FromZakrzewke (Seemark), Kreis Flatow, West Prussia²⁹⁵

Baptism: May 14, 1835, Gp Friedrich Remus³⁰⁰

Baptism: Michael Remus

Occupation: 1844, ackerburge in vandsburg

Residence: 1823, Vandsburg, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia³²³

Residence: 1844, Klein Wisniewke, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia

Residence: 1832, Klein Wisniewke, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia³²⁴

Schuhmacher und Landwirt

Occupation: Shoemaker and farmer

Marc Remus (remus@remusdesign.com) says that David went to America in 1848.

Baptism: Michael Remus, Justina Bigalke

Graduation: 1848, Went to America³⁷¹

Widow of a Daniel Klentz.

Residence: 1853, Neu Lubcza, Kreis Flatow, West Prussia³⁷²

Son of Paul Penke of Zakronzwke.

I just show the children in Sichorz, West Prussia. Soon after these children they moved to Wierschczin in the Posen area.

Baptism: Franz Remus (grandpa)

Baptism: Michael Remus (uncle) 24